Designing the Future: SMRs and Global Nuclear Nonproliferation

Private companies are entering the nuclear energy market with novel technologies that aim to reshape the future of nuclear power both domestically and abroad. Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), in particular, offer the potential to use advanced fuels and innovative control systems to deliver reliable baseload power in regions unsuitable for traditional plants. However, to support global deployment—especially in countries under IAEA safeguards—these designs must incorporate robust safeguards from the outset. Integrating fuel management and safeguards-by-design is essential to ensuring the commercial viability and global acceptance of next-generation nuclear power systems.